Literature Review of Traffic Assignment: Static and Dynamic

Rapid urban growth is resulting into increase in travel demand and private vehicle ownership in urban areas. In the present scenario the existing infrastructure has failed to match the demand that leads to traffic congestion, vehicular pollution and accidents. With traffic congestion augmentation on the road, delay of commuters has increased and reliability of road network has decreased. Four stage travel demand modelling is one of the transportation planning tools that used to evaluate the impact of future changes in demographics, land use and transportation facilities on the performance of city’s transportation system. However, this planning tool does not cover the dynamic properties of flow precisely and ineffective for traffic management and this planning tolls has several unrealistic assumption such as travel time on link do not vary with the link flows, trip makers have precise knowledge of the travel time on the link. Therefore, it is needed to revisit the available tool and explore new planning tool which is sensitive to present traffic pattern of the city.  Evolution and operation of Information Transportation System; Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS) and Advanced Traveller Management Systems (ATMS) give rise of dynamic based travel demand modelling which covers dynamic nature of flow over time and space. Dynamic travel demand modelling provides better planning and management scope in view of this research focus has been diverted to dynamic traffic assignment (DTA). The main aim of DTA is to manage traffic in a network through real-time measurement, detection, communication, information provision, and control. Here, effort has been made to study the Static Traffic Assignment (STA) and Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) with special focus on limitations of STA.